Year: 2026 | Month: June | Volume: 16 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 51-61
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20260606
p53 Immunoexpression in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinomas: A Clinicopathological Correlation Study at tertiary Care Centre
Shuchi Agrawal1, Eva Raman2, Preeti Agrawal3, Richa Singh4, Sameer Gupta5, Avinash Agrawal6
1Additional Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP
2Resident, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP
3Professor, Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP
4Resident, Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP
5Professor, Department of Surgical Oncology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP
6Professor, Department of Critical Care Medicine, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP
Corresponding Author: Dr. Shuchi Agrawal
ABSTRACT
Background: TP53 is one of the most frequently altered tumor suppressor genes in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC), particularly in high-grade serous carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p53 serves as a practical surrogate for TP53 mutation analysis in routine diagnostic practice, especially in resource-limited settings. Pattern-based interpretation improves correlation with underlying mutational status.
Objective: To evaluate p53 immunoexpression patterns in epithelial ovarian carcinomas and correlate findings with histological subtype, stage, grade, and clinicopathological parameters.
Materials and Methods: This laboratory-based prospective study included 70 histopathologically confirmed cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections were subjected to p53 immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody (Pathn Situ™, clone PM101). Staining was interpreted using a pattern-based approach and categorized as mutant-type (diffuse overexpression, null pattern, or cytoplasmic staining) or wild-type. Clinicopathological parameters were compared between mutant and wild type p53expression groups.
Results: High-grade serous carcinoma was the most common histological subtype (58.3%). Mutant-type p53 expression was observed in 35 cases (71%), while 14 cases (28.5%) demonstrated wild-type staining. Advanced-stage tumors (Stage III–IV) showed a higher frequency of mutant-type expression (80%). Capsular breach (7.3%) and lymphovascular invasion (5.7%) were more frequently observed in the mutant group; however, perineural invasion and tumor necrosis did not show significant association.
Conclusion: Aberrant p53 immunoexpression was predominantly observed in high-grade and advanced-stage epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Pattern-based p53 evaluation is a useful adjunct in histological type confirmation and clinicopathological correlation in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (EOC).
Key words: p53; epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC); immunohistochemistry (IHC)