Year: 2026 | Month: April | Volume: 16 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 231-237
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20260428
A Pilot Observational Study to Assess Euthyroid Sick Syndrome Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Narendra Kumar Sah1, Hemant Saini2, Randhir Singh3, Bharti Kawatra4, Harpreet Kaur Walia5
1Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College & Hospital, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Kumarhatti-Solan, H.P.
2Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College & Hospital, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Kumarhatti-Solan, H.P.
3Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Shri Guru Ram Rai Medical College & Hospital, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, U.K.
4Professor & Head, Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College & Hospital, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Kumarhatti-Solan, H.P.
5Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College & Hospital, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Kumarhatti-Solan, H.P.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Narendra Kumar Sah
ABSTRACT
Introduction: “Thyroid diabetes” merely describes the association of altered thyroid hormones synthesis in worsening the glycemic control. Great reduction in extrathyroidal triiodothyronine (free/Total) formation occurs in nonthyroidal illnesses like diabetes.
Aim & Objectives: An observational study was designed to assess and observe serum free T3 (fT3), free T4 (fT4) and TSH to evaluate euthyroid sick syndrome and to find out: 1. if there was any correlation of fT3 with duration of diabetes, 2. Its association with non-thyroidal illness.
Materials and Methods: The present observational study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry in collaboration with Department of Medicine, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India. 100 clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetic mellitus patients in the age group of 35-70 years were selected by simple random method. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured by Ion Exchange Resin method to confirm type 2 diabetes mellitus and serum fT3, fT4 and TSH were measured by Microplate Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) method to assess thyroid disorders. The obtained data were analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 23.
Results: Occurrence of thyroid disorders among T2DM patients was found to be 62%, of which 33% exhibited as low fT3 state, 28% as hypothyroidism (32.2% primary hypothyroidism and 67.8% subclinical hypothyroidism) and 1% as clinical hyperthyroidism. Duration of type 2 diabetes was statistically correlated showing negative relation with serum fT3 level.
Conclusion: The present study outlines the higher occurrence of thyroid disorders among people suffering from T2DM. Low fT3 state and hypothyroidism are more obviously seen in T2DM patients, and incidence increases with duration of T2DM
Key words: Thyroid diabetes, Low fT3 state, Hypothyroidism, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Euthyroid sick syndrome,