Year: 2026 | Month: April | Volume: 16 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 219-224
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20260426
Biofilm-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies
Jha Kumari Anamika1, Kadam Sharda2
1Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Ayaan Institute of Medical Sciences, Moinabad, Telangana
2Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, MGM Medical College, Vashi, Navi Mumbai
Corresponding Author: Dr. Kumari Anamika Jha
ABSTRACT
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen that poses a serious challenge in clinical settings due to its intrinsic resistance and capacity to acquire additional resistance mechanisms. A key factor contributing to its persistence is its ability to form biofilms - complex, surface-attached microbial communities embedded in an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Within biofilms, bacterial cells exhibit altered phenotypes, reduced metabolic activity, and increased tolerance to antimicrobial agents and host immune responses. This review provides a comprehensive and updated synthesis of the molecular basis of biofilm formation, mechanisms underlying biofilm-associated antimicrobial resistance, host–pathogen interactions, clinical implications, diagnostic challenges, and evolving therapeutic strategies. Advances in quorum sensing inhibition, bacteriophage therapy, nanotechnology, and CRISPR-based approaches offer promising avenues for combating biofilm-associated infections. A multidisciplinary approach integrating molecular diagnostics, targeted therapies, and infection control measures is essential to mitigate the growing burden of P. aeruginosa biofilm-related infections.
Key words: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, biofilm, antimicrobial resistance, quorum sensing, multidrug resistance, persister cells