Year: 2026 | Month: November | Volume: 16 | Issue: 11 | Pages: 64-72
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20261108
Study of Impact of Weight Reduction on Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome at a Tertiary Care Centre
Tukaram Vaijanath Kumbhar1, Aniket Shivaji Chate2, Prashant Sudam Dhumal3
1Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar.
2Associate professor, Dept of Medicine, R K Damani Medical College SRIMS, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar.
3Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar
Corresponding Author: Dr. Prashant Sudam Dhumal
ABSTRACT
Background: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of interrelated cardiometabolic abnormalities associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Weight reduction through structured lifestyle modification may improve its individual clinical and biochemical components. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of weight reduction on clinical and biochemical parameters among patients with metabolic syndrome.
Materials and Methods: A prospective, single-arm, non-randomized interventional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, India, from January to December 2025. A total of 175 adults with metabolic syndrome underwent a structured 12-week lifestyle intervention comprising dietary calorie restriction, dietary modification, and regular physical activity. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Participants were categorized according to achievement of ≥5% or <5% reduction in baseline body weight. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: Following the 12-week intervention, significant reductions were observed in mean body weight (84.6±11.9 to 79.8±11.5 kg), body mass index (31.2±3.7 to 29.4±3.5 kg/m²), and waist circumference (103.8±9.1 cm, with a mean reduction of 5.7 cm) (p<0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased by 7.9 and 4.4 mmHg, respectively. Significant improvements were also observed in fasting plasma glucose (112.8±17.6 to 103.6±15.4 mg/dL), HbA1c (6.18±0.62% to 5.91±0.57%), triglycerides, LDL-C, total cholesterol, and HDL-C (all p<0.001). Overall, 93 (53.14%) participants achieved ≥5% weight reduction. Metabolic syndrome resolved in 60 (34.29%) participants, with a higher resolution rate among those achieving ≥5% weight loss than among those achieving <5% weight loss (45.16% vs. 21.95%; p=0.001).
Conclusion: A structured 12-week lifestyle intervention was associated with significant improvements in anthropometric, haemodynamic, glycaemic, and lipid parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome. Achievement of ≥5% weight reduction was associated with greater cardiometabolic improvement and a higher likelihood of metabolic syndrome resolution.
Key words: Metabolic Syndrome; Weight Reduction; Obesity; Waist Circumference; Dyslipidaemia; Insulin Resistance; Lifestyle Modification