Year: 2025 | Month: December | Volume: 15 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 217-224
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20251227
Evaluation of Thyroid Profile and Total Cholesterol in Type II Diabetes Mellitus - A Prospective Observational Study
K. Prabha1, M. Vijayalakshmi2, R. Selvaa3
1Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Dindigul
2Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Dindigul
3Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Dindigul
Corresponding Author: K. Prabha
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The two most prevalent endocrine illnesses seen in clinical practice are thyroid problems and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been demonstrated that thyroid issues and diabetes mellitus are mutually influenced. Altered total cholesterol levels were also associated with type II Diabetes mellitus. Hence this study is done to evaluate the thyroid profile and total cholesterol in Type II Diabetes mellitus.
Objectives: The objective was to assess and compare the thyroid profile and total cholesterol levels between Type II diabetes mellitus patients and healthy volunteers.
Materials and methods: A prospective observational study was performed on 80 participants during a period of 1 year after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent. 40 normal subjects in the age group of 30-60 years were taken as control group and 40 subjects with type II Diabetes Mellitus in the age group of 30-60 years were taken as study group. The inclusion criteria were patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus of less than 5 years duration and without history of Thyroid and Lipid abnormalities. The exclusion criteria were those with history of cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and those with history of chronic illness. FBS, PPBS, HbA1C, total T3, T4, TSH and total cholesterol were measured among all participants. Data was entered in MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as independent t test and Pearsons’s correlation coefficient were used.
Results: Among the type II Diabetes mellitus cases group, the mean T3 was 0.66 ± 0.31 and among the healthy control group the mean T3 was 1.04 ± 0.25 which was statistically significant by independent t test. (p < 0.05) Among the type II Diabetes mellitus cases group, the mean T4 was 5.72 ± 2.02 and among the healthy control group the mean T4 was 7.66 ± 1.86 which was statistically significant by independent t test. (p < 0.05) Among the type II Diabetes mellitus cases group, the mean TSH was 4.18 ± 2.95 and among the healthy control group the mean TSH was 2.61 ± 1.25 which was statistically significant by independent t test. (p < 0.05) Among the type II Diabetes mellitus cases group, the mean total cholesterol was 195.58 ± 33.79 and among the healthy control group the mean total cholesterol was 169.00 ± 11.56 which was statistically significant by independent t test. (p < 0.05)
Conclusion: This study shows the prevalence of hypothyroidism among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients which was statistically significant. here is also elevated total cholesterol among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients which was statistically significant. Therefore, routine assessment of thyroid hormone level in addition to total cholesterol in the early stage of diabetes mellitus will help in the management of diabetes mellitus particularly in those patients, whose conditions are difficult to manage.
Key words: Type II Diabetes Mellitus, TSH, FBS, PPBS, Total Cholesterol, HbA1C.