Year: 2025 | Month: December | Volume: 15 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 25-32
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20251203
Maternal and Foetal Outcome of Placenta Previa in a State Teaching Hospital
Priti Medda1, Kalyan Kumar Baidya2, Suhrita De Roy3
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chittaranjan Seva Sadan College of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Child Health Kolkata, West Bengal, India,
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chittaranjan Seva Sadan College of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Child Health Kolkata, West Bengal, India,
3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chittaranjan Seva Sadan College of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Child Health Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Corresponding Author: Kalyan Kumar Baidya
ABSTRACT
Background: Obstetric hemorrhage is one of the most common causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. About one third of the all cases of ante partum hemorrhage belong to placenta previa. It is the major cause of obstetric and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Aims and Objective: Aim is to assess maternal and fetal outcome of Placenta Previa.
Material and Methods: In this prospective observational study 73 pregnant women at gestational age 20 weeks or more with diagnosed placenta previa by ultrasonography attending outpatient department or emergency over a period of 18 months were enrolled. History taking, clinical examination and laboratory investigation was carried out as per study proforma. Analysis of maternal outcome and perinatal outcome was done. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software with p-value=0.05.
Results: Among 73 women, 32.9% belonged to age group > 30 years, 43.8% belonged to low socio-economic group and 70.3% cases were multi-gravidas. Incidence of type 1 placenta was 57.5%. History of previous c-section was the most common risk factor (46.6%) followed by history of previous D&E (16.4%). Commonest mode of delivery was emergency c-section (79.5%). 68.5% cases required blood transfusion, 42.5% cases required ICU admission and 12.3% cases require obstetric hysterectomy. 4.1% cases developed hypovolemic shock, 2.7% cases developed DIC. 57.5% of the newborns were of low birth weight, 11% units developed sepsis and 13.7% developed RDS.
Conclusion: Placenta previa is associated with significant maternal, fetal and neonatal complications. It is a big challenge to the Obstetricians and neonatologists to overcome it.
Key words: Placenta previa, obstetric hysterectomy, DIC, NICU admission