Original Research Article
Year: 2021 | Month: June | Volume: 11 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 72-78
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210611
Clinical Analysis and Perinatal Outcome in Pregnant Patients with COVID-19
Saima Najam1, Sumaiyya Ejaz Malik2, Syeda Ifra Hassan3, Mohammed Mubarak Ahmed4, Adiba Shireen5
1FCPS, PG Certification in Medical Education (Dundee), Head of the OBGYN Department,
Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Sweidi, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2MRCOG, Specialist, OBGYN, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Sweidi, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3Voluntary Worker, Student of IGSCE, Manarat Alriyadh International School, Riyadh
4Consultant Neonatologist, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Sweidi, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
5MRCOG, Specialist, OBGYN, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Sweidi, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Corresponding Author: Saima Najam
ABSTRACT
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the felon responsible for the extraordinary global pandemic of COVID-19 disease. As per the world health organization WHO) updates dated 12th April 2021 the total number of cases worldwide were 135,6,46,617 out of which 399,277 were reported in Saudi Arabia, as the number of the Covid patients is increased, the number of pregnant patients effected by the disease are also increasing. We therefore planned this study to do the clinical analysis of the pregnant patients with COVID-19 and to see the effect of the disease on the perinatal outcome.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to prove the null hypothesis that perinatal morbidity is increased with severity of the Covid 19 effected pregnant patients.
Material and Methods: It was a prospective observational study. All the patients who presented at term in labor with singleton pregnancy and with positive nasopharyngeal swab in last 10 days were included in the trial. While the women who had Preterm labor, multiple pregnancy and any other medical disorder were excluded from the study. The duration of the study was 6 months (01/09/2020- 28/02/2021) and was conducted in the labor ward of Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Sweidi, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Results: The total numbers of patients enrolled to the trial were 45. The 73% of the study population presented with mild symptoms (n=33) and moderate and severe symptoms were observed in 22.2% (n=10) and 4.4% (n=2) of the population respectively. The 5-minute Apgar score was compared in three groups and was found significantly lower in patients having moderate and severe Covid symptoms (P-value was 0.003). However, the difference in cord pH and NICU (neonatal intensive care unit) admission was not found statistically significant. No risk of the vertical transmission was found when calculated by doing the neonatal swab within 24 hours. The prevalence of Cesarean section was higher in patients having moderate and severe symptoms, though the difference was not found statistically significant. Female gender prevalence was observed in patients having moderate symptoms (70%, n=07).
Conclusion: On the basis of our observations we hereby reject our hypothesis that the perinatal morbidity is increased in patients having moderate or severe Covid symptoms.
Key words: Pregnancy, labour, Covid-19, neonate, vertical transmission, mode of delivery.