Original Research Article
Year: 2018 | Month: September | Volume: 8 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 1-9
Prevalence and Predictors of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Population of Punjab: North Indian Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology and Molecular Genetic Study (Ni-Dreams)
Kanchan Mehta1, Ritu Sharma1, Jaswinder Singh Bhatti2, Sarabajit Mastana3, Monica Singh1, Puneetpal Singh1
1Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala
2Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh
3Human Genomics Lab, SSEHS, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
Corresponding Author: Puneetpal Singh
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), an imperative sequel is posing huge threat of blindness because of substantial prevalence of diabetes in the population of Punjab. Indepth understanding of its risk factors is relatively unexplored in this region.
Objective: To identify the prevalence and risk predictors of diabetic retinopathy in the population of Punjab.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 562 type 2 diabetic subjects of age >45 years. Consenting subjects were tested with dilated pupil fundoscopy and categorised into non proliferative (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) according tomodified Airlie House Classification.
Results: Univariate regression analysis revealed advancing age (>55 years), duration of diabetes (DOD) >10 years, systolic (>120mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (>80mmHG), smoking, sedentary life style, total cholesterol (>200mg/dl), low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol (>150mg/dl) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (< 40 mg/dl) as risk factors. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, age>65 years, DOD>10 years, SBP>120mmHg, DBP>80mmHg, total cholesterol >200mg/dl, sedentary life style and smoking were observed to be substantial risk variables influencing independently the risk of DR in the population of Punjab.
Conclusion: Higher prevalence of NPDR (33.98%) and PDR (31.50%) existed in the population of Punjab, which is regulated by advancing age (>65 years), DOD>10 years, SBP>120mmHg, DBP>80mmHg, total cholesterol >200mg/dl, sedentary life style and cigarette smoking.
Key words: Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, Risk variables, Predictors, NPDR, PDR