Original Research Article
Year: 2017 | Month: September | Volume: 7 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 16-21
Evaluation of the Hematological Parameters in Correlation with Peripheral Smear Examination to Analyze the Prevalence, Type and Severity of Anemia in Different Age and Sex in Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh
Khan Najma1, Mallik Mrinal Kanti1, Mallik Ananya2
1Deprtment of Pathology, Varun Arjun Medical College and Rohilkhand Hospital Banthra, distt. Shahjahanpur-232407 Uttar Pradesh, India.
2Department of Medicine, KPC Medical College Jadavpur, Kolkata -700032
Corresponding Author: Khan Najma
ABSTRACT
Background: Anemia is defined as a decrease in the total amount of Red Blood Cells (RBC) or Hemoglobin in the blood or lowered ability of the blood to carry Oxygen .There are many classifications of anemia but clinically useful approach is alterations in Red Cell morphology including the size and amount of hemoglobin in each cell. According to the WHO, there are two billion people with anemia in the world and half of the anemia is due to iron deficiency. Young children and women of childbearing age are the most affected one. The aim of the study was to assess the hematological parameters along with peripheral blood examination to evaluate the type, severity and prevalence of anemia in various age groups.
Methods: This study was carried out in VAMC & Rohilkhand Hospital for a period of 3 month from March 2017 to May 2017. Total 1140 cases were studied including outdoor as well as indoor. The samples for test were collected in EDTA tube. The slides for peripheral blood examination were prepared and stain with Giemsa .The sample were run in automated cell counter for hematological parameters and RBC indices.
Results: In our study out of 1140 cases 52.63% were male and 47.36% were female and commonest group 46.14% affected were adults followed by the patients in the third decade 20.35%. Results showing high proportion of microcytic hypochromic anemia and their association with women following menarche period indicating iron deficiency as a main cause. Microcytic Hypochromic anemia was commonest morphologically classified anemia 49.10% of which, majority had moderate type 64.47% and majority are females and children followed by normocytic normochromic anemia accounting 40.01% and majority of which had mild type of anemia 62.52% and the predominant age group in this category was elderly. Macrocytic anemia 12.54%does not show any significant variation with severity and age group and only 51 had dimorphic anemia in which 64.7% had mild type.
Conclusion: In different age group the prevalence and the severity of various types of anemia is different, which is because of different etiology. The prevalence of anemia increases with age and is associated with chronic diseases, inflammation, nutritional deficiencies and other conditions such as infection, reduction in bone marrow response. As a result, a diagnosis of anemia warrants adequate clinical attention, to find out the cause, type, severity which provides basis treatment in anemic.
Key words: Anemia; Hematology indices, Peripheral smear, Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh.