Original Research Article
Year: 2023 | Month: September | Volume: 13 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 12-17
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230903
Screening the Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease Among Peri-Menopausal Women
Aishawarya Sale1, Dr. Nidhi Ladha2
1Intern, Modern College of Physiotherapy, 2Associate Professor, Modern College of Physiotherapy,
Modern College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Corresponding Author: Aishawarya Sale
ABSTRACT
Background: Menopause has different effect on various system in a women’s body. Perimenopause refers to the transitional phase in a woman's life leading up to her final menstrual period. During this time, there are physiological shifts that bring about a range of clinical symptoms like hot flashes, unpredictable menstrual bleeding, and alterations in mood. Literature has already proven that Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is prevalent in Post-Menopausal Women and affects Morbidity and Mortality rate. To our knowledge limited literature is focused on systemic effects in Peri-Menopausal Women. Hence the study aimed at estimating the risk of developing T2DM and CVD in future and create awareness in Peri- Menopausal women.
Method: A total of 65 peri- menopausal women falling under age group of 40-50 were the subject population of this study. Participants was selected using purposive sampling technique. Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) was performed to find out the risk of developing T2DM and CVD respectively. Data was analysed using SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistic was performed. Chi square test was performed to find out the association between IDRS and WHR.
Results: 22 (14.3%) and 25 (16.25%) out of 65 peri menopausal women were falling under a moderate and severe risk of developing CVD. 34 (22.1%) and 28(18.2%) out of 65 peri menopausal women were found to have intermediate and high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in future. Among all the symptoms Lethargy had a higher incidence i.e 81% in this study followed by Irritability i.e 68%, Headache i.e 65%, Menstrual irregularities i.e 55%, Anxiety i.e 28% and Palpitation i.e 6% and an extremely significant association was found between IDRS and WHR.
Conclusion: Among 65 peri- menopausal women majority of the peri menopausal women were falling under intermediate and high-risk category of developing T2DM and CVD in future and an extremely significant association was found between these two factors indicating developing a risk of T2DM and CVD in future.
Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Cardiovascular disease, Peri- menopausal women, Waist-Hip Ratio, Indian Diabetes Risk Score