Original Research Article
Year: 2023 | Month: January | Volume: 13 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 11-18
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230103
The Breast Cancer Steroid/HER-2 Receptor Profile Immunohistochemistry in Imo State: A Private Center Experience
Kafor Bernard1,3, Anochiwa Kingsley1,3, Nweke Ikechukwu1,2,3, Amadi Darlington2
1Departmentof Histopathology, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Imo State
2Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Orlu, Imo State
3Roce Medical Services, Owerri, Imo State
Corresponding Author: Kafor Bernard
ABSTRACT
Background: Breast cancer, the most frequent cancer in women, has been reported to be quite widespread in Africa, with aggressive forms of the disease being the most common. Nigeria's infrastructure is inadequate for the estimation. Indigenous African women have a low rate of hormone receptor positivity, and triple negative breast cancer is the most common phenotype. The expression of hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factors 2 is critical for determining the prognosis, management approaches, and decision-making in breast cancer. In Imo state, there is a scarcity of information on hormone receptors (ER and PR) and HER 2 expression. The goal of this study is to look into the molecular subgroups of breast cancer based on surrogate immunohistochemical markers.
Methods: Clinicopathologic information on female breast cancer patients was obtained from our computer database. From 2017 to 2019, the immunohistochemical biomarker results on oestrogen, progesterone, and HER2 were evaluated in a group of female patients diagnosed with breast cancer at Rose Medical Services.
Results: There were 131 cases involved in this study. The mean age of the patients was 47.07±0.05 of all breast cancers. The oestrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and HER2 positive rate were 65.6%, 46.6%, and 13.7% of breast cancers respectively. The proportion of luminal A subtype, Luminal B subtype, HER2 over expression and TNBC were 64.1%, 13%, 3.1%, and 19.8% respectively.
Conclusion: Despite the small sample size of our investigation, we were able to conclude that hormone receptor positive subtypes may prevail in Imo state breast cancer patients, followed by TNBC, and then HER2 positive subtypes. Our findings demonstrate the enormous range of breast cancer receptor markers and subtypes found across the United States and beyond. A larger prospective breast cancer investigation is recommended to confirm the current findings.
Key words: Hormone receptors, Oestrogen, Progesterone, Human epidermal growth factor 2, Triple negative breast cancer