Year: 2023 | Month: December | Volume: 13 | Issue: 12 | Pages: 132-139
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20231216
Role of Nod-like Receptor Protein 3 (NLRP3) in Acute Kidney Injury: A Review
Prayuda1, Yenny Kandarini2, I Gde Raka Widiana2
1Postgraduate Medical Study Programme, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
2Nephrology and Hypertension Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali/Prof. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali
Corresponding Author: Prayuda
ABSTRACT
Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that have a role in regulating inflammatory signaling and the innate immune system. One of these is Nod like-receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), the most studied inflammasome. Activation of NLRP3 is associated with various inflammatory diseases. Renal also have inflammatory response against an infectious or non-infectious activators. NLRP3 is yet another component of the inflammasome that is expressed in the tissue of the kidney, however the underlying mechanism is not completely known. The capacity to trigger cell death by activating caspase-1 and modifying the NLRP3 inflammasome component is possessed by renal mononuclear phagocytes such as macrophages and dendrites. According to the findings of a number of research, podocytes and renal tubular cells may be responsible for activating the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway, which leads to the discharge of mature forms of IL-1 and IL-18. Acute kidney injury (also known as AKI) may be caused by a wide variety of conditions, such as ischemic damage, nephrotoxicity, and sepsis, amongst others. Damage to tubular epithelial cells can initiate an inflammatory response by activating immune cells such as macrophages and leukocyte. These immune cells infiltrate to the kidney, which then releases various inflammatory mediators. There are recent studies that suggest that mtDNA-related inflammatory responses are also involved in the AKI process.
Key words: Inflammasome, Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), acute kidney injury (AKI)