Original Research Article
Year: 2020 | Month: October | Volume: 10 | Issue: 10 | Pages: 217-226
Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Severe Pre-eclampsia at University Clinics of Kinshasa
Vangu Vangu Roland1,5, Rahma Rashid Tozin1, Mbuyi Muamba Jean Marie2, Mokondjimobe Etienne3,4, Mambueni Thamba Christophe3, Vangu Ngoma Dieudonne3, Nkodila Natuhoyila Aliocha3, Makoso Nimi Blaise5, Mbungu Fuele Simon3, Longo-Mbenza Benjamin2,3
1Départment of Gynécology and Obstétric, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
2Department of Internal Medicine,University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
3Department of Public Health, Lomo-University Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
4 Department of Sciences, University of Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
5Department of Internal Medicine, University of Président Joseph Kasa-vubu, Boma, Democratic Republic of Congo
Corresponding Author: Nkodila Natuhoyila Aliocha
ABSTRACT
Background and aims: Severe pre-eclampsia (SEP) is an obstetric emergency requiring the hospitalization of patients in structures allowing maternal and fetal care. The incidence between 8.5% and 13% and the epidemic-like complications of PES in sub-Saharan Africa that are not or poorly monitored are well known in mother-child couples. The aims were to assess the effectiveness of the therapeutic protocol (scientific management) in reducing the incidence and complications of PES at CUK. The secondary objective of this study was to determine the secular trend from 2006 to 2015 and the projection from 2006 to 2030 of the incidence of SEP.
Methods: This retrospective evaluative analysis was carried out over 10 years (2006-2015) and in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of CUK. The inclusion criteria for exhaustive sampling was to consider all medical records of pregnant women during the period and setting of the present study.
Results: After following the antenatal therapeutic protocol of 8772 pregnant women, the frequency of PE was 10%, including 612 for 69.8% with moderate pre-eclampsia against 265 for 30.2 with PES). Among the cases of PES, the frequency of maternal complications including cesarean section, pregnancy age at childbirth ≥ 35 weeks of amenorrhea, hypertensive retinopathy, HELLP syndrome and retroplacental hematoma were respectively 69.4%. , 69.1%, 17.7%, 0% (n = 0%) and 7.5%. The frequency of fetal neonatal complications including impaired APGAR at the fifth minute, low birth weight, perpartal asphyxia, prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation, fetal distress, intrauterine death and neonatal death were 33.6%, 69.1%, 40.4%, 40%, 32.5%, 26%, 20.8% and 12.5% respectively.
Conclusion: The therapeutic regimen for the management of PES is not codified in the University clinics of Kinshasa.
Key words: SEP, care, evaluation, University Clinics of Kinshasa